Cutter



Sept# 110 A19467 vct. E. KRAUS 2,407,501,I

' Filed sept. 11, 1944.

4 A 30 o v @bar/ e6 Qfrc-ZJ 20 fark? 10% Patented Sept. 1o, 1946 structiontof theztoolbody'..A f l0' A further objectfis to providea novel:detach`t-.-v

'l able. blade constructed: andrfmounted' `in. -such ta'n Way that-variousrcuttingganglesfmaybe 'btained' Y without -alter-ing theefconstruction of the i'tool:

body. l5

A further -object I-iseto provide :a-fnovel :detach-'- able i `bladeV construction and: mounting: therefor."

Y whicheavoidsfoverhangiof )the .blades Withrespect to. the e supporting bodygy which avoids the fuse fof Wedges; serrated'= surfaces,^. body Slots, etc., y.and .20

which enables:smallJ size. rotaryfcuttersto `-be`-V produced Y. Without the -loss` of toothvor bodyL 'n strength. l

The "'inVentio'rr-.also --aresidesz in thel novel bcon-.

struction. 0f fthe-,tool :bladesf-'to facilitate 4`manu-".25

facture"y and* their. inse-fin fvariousfkirids f of. cutters; andto insure.' rigidity iofe'mountifng; ofn'the ablade onthe tool'bodyz,"

Other objects and advantagesof dt'he,finventi'on` will. become apparent? from thefollowingtdetailed 30 description itaken in: connection `with: the eaccom panyingadrawingein.which Figure 1 isr'an end viewiotafcutterienibodyingf. the present invention. I

Fig. 2'is a side view: 3,3

Fig; 3 .is/1a. fragmentaryfsectionald/iew takenif.

l longitudinallygof oneoffthe blades-go Figs.. 4 and ,-:5 zareifplarrifvieWs-of diiferentzliform's' ofstandardizedbladeszi, p

types of cutters rfor.: carrying :out -different--lmetalli` removixrgxprocesses; itrhas been:shownf:forflpuiff'v posesiof illustration'ffembodied;inalrotarymi cutter comprising a body/:zin .fthe xforrnf'zofcaogones.

construction fdrfvariouskinds: of tcultters'iy Each blade comprise'saatbl'ockiof 'metal havingga at bottdnri'surfaceel Brand :a ',to'pzsurface` I1 which.:

converges#towardth'rbottomsurfacerin the direction ot the'tail ends-I8 of the blade; This Yend is at";and`of aifswidth'isubstantiallyr equall to the thicknessiiof 'thefbody ,I 0. .e It 'extends transverselyA of-lthe" bottom surface:v l'intersectin'g vthe'flatter 1 atN an.l acuterffincluded angle tando the rtopsurface The 'otherz'end'a of'ithe bladez-'is 4wider*tradiallv and defines afcuttingfa'ce I9 terminating in `end and "side'icuttiii'giedges'z23 and .20 land :inclined-'lz atv thef-frakeffand shear fangles *desiredrv to .be ime parted-*Arto :the rcuttin'gredges." To spacethe side" cuttings;edges2Ilv laterally from 'the .sides of the blade' andibody lithe'fen'd portin'` 2l `v`of the blade-; is'f enlarged L or made .f thicker than` the block, astshown rin7 Figs. '4iand 5,or, it maybe onv both'sidesf (Fig.,'2) Y,- and the amount .of enlarge;

mentmayfA vary withjthenharactenoflrthe cutter f tofbe n-pro'ducedt L Als'orfby alternating the vblades course, shaped to provide proper clearance'iffor 4 the u-peripheral ccuttingjedge-i 23. Similarly," the sides Inaccord-ance with; the. present invention",r each e bIadei-*I Itis! seated" on' the "periphery :of 'the' body' IUT/with thoetail Yend I 8 against an abutment' 24r madeinte'gralfwithtlre.body yI 0so asfto be capable'foi'sustainin'gthe Y.forces thatareexerted on thefbla'deini theoplane'of` rotation of "the blade;

To this end;.'annularlyspaced porti'ons'ofthefbody" are" cut awayraszby'fface 'milling ,to "fornfr the `-flat chordalfsurfaces' 1 I 2 intersecting rv'ati/one 4vend' With theebodyeperiphery 26 and ."at'rthe other"en ;1"with` the*` abutment ZllfwhichD makes 'with the'surface" I 2"precise'1ythe`:same fang'le zth'at the taill end .I 8 of the blade formswith'rthe*.bottomsuracer'IS. e

The abutlnerits'of the Saline radial heightasfth blade-end:Y H31- through holes 28 irthebladeandthreading linto steeland'formed at--oneiendfWithflrecesses'A/Idfr'55-tapped holes 29 in the disk-10.1' The holes A'29',-

receiving tipsY I 5f carbidefor'othercuttinginate# rial seated in and bonded-to? the'de'riingWalls-'off the recess.

Exceptifor thwidtiiand inclination of their Whichfextnd perpehdicilarit the blade and body Surfaces *l 6fand`l cutting faces, the blades II may beof the'same 60 and the abutment when the'blade is fastened n y y {lare-located accurately with respect tol blfadoend vI 8 Aanti lthe 'abutrent f 24 "ini order to obtain fulflfcont'act between the fbl'ade" i gli to the body. To insure that such full contact will be obtained, the blade holes 28 are preferably counterbored at their upper ends as indicated at S3 to provide conical seats 3which cooperate with mating surfaces 3| at the lower ends of the cylindrical screw heads 32 to cam the blades against the abutment as the screws are tightened..

The holes 23 and the counterbores are made slightly larger than the screws to permit of this action which compensates for any slight inaccuracy in the location of the screw holes relative to the abutments. Preferably, the counterbores are deep enough to enable the screw heads 32 to be concealed within the blade and to locate the seats 3G close to the bottom of the blade.

With Vthe blade thusv seated and fastened to the body, the mounting is extremely rugged and well adapted to sustain the forces encountered in service use of the cutter in various types and with the cutting faces i9 of the blades positioned at Widely varying rake and shear angles. The tangentially directed thrusts Von the blade are sustained mainly by the abutment 24 and are directed along a line generally parallel to the bottom surface I of the blade. Tipping of the blade by this force isprevented by the screws 21 which also serve to sustain the side thrusts on the blade.

This is for the reason that with the screw ar.

rangement described, the conical bottoms of the screwk heads are in full contact with the conical seats 3B around their entire peripheries so that the blade is held positively against sidewise shifting.` The ability of the blades to withstand such side forces is increased by locating the seats 3i) close to the bottom surface l thereby minimizing any possible deection of the screw under the thrusts on the blade. As a result, the cutter as a whole possesses substantially all of the advantages inherent in so-called solid or integral tooth cutters while at the same time the individual blades are readily replaceable. As aconsequence,

the provision of body slots, fastening Wedges, etc.V

as used in insertedblade cutters is avoided, and replaceability s achieved without sacrificing body strengthl Such ready replaceability of the blades. contributes materially to the versatility of the cutter. The 4cutting faces I9 are, it will be observed, on the ends of the blades Il, and, as a consequence, the angles of these faces are not dependent upon thelocation of slotsor other structural parts of the body as in the case of ordinary inserted blade cutters. To change the cutting angles, it is only necessary to substitute blades whose endfaces are disposed at the angles desired, such angles being obtained by finishing of the blade before mount ing in the cutter. supported in open slots in the cutter body, the strength of the latter is not in any way affected by changing of the blades or the omission of certainblades in cases where itis desired to Vary the number of teeth on the cutter.

It willbe apparent that the blades Il are of simple and inexpensive construction. As a result, repair of a damaged cutter is effected inexpensively simply by the substitution of a new blade, and this Without the necessity of heating or otherwise distorting the cutter as is necessary in the case ofthe repair of solid cutters.

I claimY as my invention:

1. A tool comprising a body having a flat blade seat thereon and a rigid abutment upstanding from said seat at one end thereof and disposed Because the blades are not Y atan acute includedangle with respect to the Y 4 seat, a blade having a flat bottom resting on said seat and a tail end contacting said abutment, the top of said blade converging toward said bottom surface in thedirection ofsaidabutment, said body extending from said l*seat beyond the other end of said blade and shaped to fully expose the Alatter end, a cutting face formed on said other blade end and terminating in a cutting edge projecting laterally from said body, headed screws spaced longitudinally of said blade and projecting through the blade and into said body to clamp the blade. against saidseat, the heads of said screwsy having conical bottoms, and conical seats for said heads formed in said blade.

2. A tool comprising a body having a flat blade seat thereon extending to the surface of said lbody and a rigid abutment upstandingrfrom said seat at one end thereof and disposed at an acute angle With respect to the seat, a blade having a at bottom resting on said seat and projecting beyond said surface and a tail end contacting said abutment, the top of said blade converging toward said bottom surface in the direction of said abutment, said body projecting beyond said seat 'and the other end of the blade so 4as to expose the latter, a cutting faceV formed on said other blade end and terminating in a cutting edge, and headed screws spaced longitudinally of said blade and projecting through the blade and into said body to clamp the blade against said seat.

Y 3. A tool comprising a body having a fiat blade seat thereon and a rigid abutment upstanding from said seat at one end thereof, a blade having a flat bottom resting on said seat and a tail endcontacting said abutment, the portion of said body beyond theother end of said blade being shaped to expose the latter, a cutting face formed on said other blade end and terminating in a cutting edge, headed screws spaced longitudinally of said blade and projecting through the blade and into said body to clamp the blade against said seat, the heads of saidscrews having conical bottoms, and conical seats for said heads formed in said blade.

4. A tool comprising abody having a succession of flat blade seats thereon and a rigid Vabutment upstanding from each seat vone one end thereof, blades each having a flat bottom resting on one of said seats and a tail end contacting said abutment, said body being adapted to fully expose the other end of each blade, a cutting face formed on said other end of each blade and terminating in a cutting edge, a top on each blade converging toward the bottom surface in the direction ofsaid abutment whereby to provide a chiprecess in advance of the cutting face of the next adjacent blade, nand screws projecting through said blades and into said body to clamp the blades against said seats.

5. A cutter blade comprising a block of ma-V terial having opposite viiat ends, a flatv bottom surface and a top surface converging toward said bottom` surface in theV direction of one of said ends, the latter constituting an abutment surface disposed at an acute included angle to said bottom surface, an enlargement at the other end of said block providing a cutting face projecting laterally from at least one side of the block, and means defining spaced Aholes extending through said 'block at right ,angles to said bottom surface and counterbored at their upper ends to provide conical seats Within said block.

A Crm1/LES E. KRAUs. 

